• Abstract
  Ruwan datti mai yawan gishiri, wanda aka samo shi daga hanyoyin masana'antu kamar tace mai, masana'antar sinadarai, da tsire-tsire masu bushewa, yana haifar da ƙalubale mai mahimmanci na muhalli da na tattalin arziki saboda hadadden tsarinsa da yawan gishiri. Hanyoyin jiyya na al'ada, ciki har da evaporation da tacewa na membrane, sau da yawa suna gwagwarmaya tare da rashin ƙarfi na makamashi ko gurbatawa na biyu. Aiwatar da ion-membrane electrolysis a matsayin sabuwar hanya don magance ruwan sha mai yawan gishiri. Ta hanyar yin amfani da ka'idodin electrochemical da zaɓin ion-musanya membranes, wannan fasaha tana ba da mafita mai yuwuwa don dawo da gishiri, lalata kwayoyin halitta, da tsarkakewar ruwa. Ana tattauna hanyoyin sufuri na zaɓin ion, ingantaccen makamashi, da haɓakawa, tare da ƙalubale kamar lalatawar membrane da lalata. Nazarin shari'a da ci gaba na baya-bayan nan suna nuna rawar gani na ion-membrane electrolyzers a cikin kula da ruwa mai dorewa.

• 1. Gabatarwa*
  Ruwan datti mai yawan gishiri, wanda ke da narkar da daskararru sama da 5,000 MG/L, lamari ne mai mahimmanci a masana'antu inda aka ba da fifikon sake amfani da ruwa da fitar da ruwa mai sifili (ZLD). Jiyya na al'ada kamar reverse osmosis (RO) da ƙawancen zafi suna fuskantar iyakancewa a cikin kula da yanayin salin mai girma, wanda ke haifar da tsadar aiki mai yawa da lalata membrane. Ion-membrane electrolysis, wanda aka samo asali don samar da chlor-alkali, ya fito a matsayin madadin. Wannan fasaha tana amfani da membranes masu zaɓin ion don rarrabewa da sarrafa ƙaura na ion yayin electrolysis, yana ba da damar tsabtace ruwa lokaci guda da dawo da albarkatu.

• 2. Ka'idar Ion-Membrane Electrolysis*
  Ion-membrane electrolyzer ya ƙunshi anode, cathode, da membrane-musanya cation ko membrane-exchange membrane. A lokacin electrolysis:
• Membrane-Musanya:Yana ba da damar cations (misali, Na⁺, Ca²⁺) su wuce yayin toshe anions (Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻), yana jagorantar ƙaura ion zuwa na'urorin lantarki daban-daban.
• Ra'ayin Electrochemical:
• Anode:Oxidation na ions chloride yana haifar da iskar chlorine da hypochlorite, wanda ke lalata kwayoyin halitta kuma yana lalata ruwa.
  2Cl-→Cl2+2e-2Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + 2e⁻2Cl-→Cl2+2e-
• Cathode:Rage ruwa yana haifar da iskar hydrogen da ions hydroxide, haɓaka pH da haɓaka hazo na ion ƙarfe.
  2H2O+2e-→H2+2OH-2H₂O + 2e⁻ → H₂ + 2OH⁻2H2O+2e-→H2+2OH-
• Rabewar Gishiri:Membran yana sauƙaƙe jigilar ion zaɓi, yana ba da damar maida hankali ga brine da dawo da ruwa mai daɗi.

3. Aikace-aikace a cikin Maganin Ruwan Ruwa mai Tsari*
a.Gishiri farfadowa da Brine Valorization
Tsarin ion-membrane na iya tattara rafukan brine (misali, daga RO kin) don crystallization gishiri ko samar da sodium hydroxide. Misali, tsire-tsire masu lalata ruwa na teku na iya dawo da NaCl azaman samfuri.

b.Lalacewar Halitta
Electrochemical hadawan abu da iskar shaka abu a cikin anode karya ruguza kwayoyin refractory ta hanyar karfi oxidants kamar ClO⁻ da HOCl. Nazarin ya nuna kashi 90% na cire mahaɗan phenolic a cikin HSW da aka kwaikwaya.

c.Cire Karfe mai nauyi
Yanayin alkaline a cathode yana haifar da hazo hydroxide na karafa (misali, Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺), cimma> 95% ingantaccen cirewa.

d.Tsaftace Ruwa
Gwajin-gwajin matukin jirgi ya nuna adadin dawo da ruwa ya wuce 80% tare da rage yawan aiki daga 150,000 µS/cm zuwa <1,000 µS/cm.